zurne ́ — from the Kurd. The sonorous sound, is literally — a celebratory flute - a wooden wind musical instrument extended on the Near East, and also in republics of the North Caucasus.
Represents a wooden tube with a bell and several (usually 8—9) apertures (one of which is on the party opposite to rests). Зурна is in close relationship with an oboe (has the same double cane) and it is considered one of its predecessors.
Range зурны — about one and a half octaves diatonic or chromatic звукоряда, a timbre bright and shrill.
The musician playing on зурне, is called зурначи ́ (the word isn't declined). Widespread tool ensemble of three musicians, in which one зурначи — lips ́ (letters. "Master") plays a melody, another echoes it long lingering sounds at the main steps of a harmony, and the third musician beats out a difficult, variously varied rhythmic basis on a percussion instrument — дхоле or shares. On зурне play mostly in the open air, in its closed premises usually replace with a duduk.
Зурна, basically, it is turned from wood of an apricot, a nut or a mulberry tree. A tool trunk, having on the top end diameter in 20 mm, from top to bottom extends to 60-65 mm in diameter. Total length of the tool - 302-317 mm.
On trunk face sheet 7 apertures, and on back - one are bored through. The plug is inserted into the top end of a trunk ("маша"), 120 mm having at length and are turned from a wild-growing willow, a nut or an apricot. Plug appointment in regulating plate adjustment. The mouthpiece made in the special way from a cane, growing in a dry place, has of 7-10 mm at length. To take a sound from the tool, the executor, typing air in an oral cavity, blows its appropriate amount through this mouthpiece.
The range зурны covers sounds from "си a flat" a small octave to "to" the third octave; at skill of the executor it is possible to expand this range on some sounds. These sounds among executors call as "сефир сесляр".
Зурна, mainly, it is used for execution of samples of folklore music during national festivals in the open air. In the history there were such versions of this tool, as "гара зурна", "араби зурна", "джура зурна", "аджеми зурна", "габа зурна", "шехаби зурна". Зурна, as a rule, is a part of ensembles of wind instruments. In quality of the the soloist tool зурна as a part of ensembles or orchestras it is used for execution of some dancing melodies, including "джанги" and other musical samples. Uzeir Gadzhibekov in the opera "Kyoroglu" has entered зурну into structure of a symphonic orchestra.
Kurdish musical instruments Shock Dahol • Darbuka • Arbana • Daf • Duhovye Zurna • Mej • It • Blur • Tulum • String the Canon • Kamancha • Ud • Kaman • Tar • Platform